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Balconies to monks' cells, Mar Saba, and a peep into the convent garden

Balconies to monks' cells, Mar Saba, and a peep into the convent garde...

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A threshing-floor.  Peasants winnowing grain with large wooden forks, and a team dragging a sledge, the under surface of which is armed with sharp flints, to cut up the straw

A threshing-floor. Peasants winnowing grain with large wooden forks, ...

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The ruins of Tell Hûm.  By several authorities the place is regarded as the site of Capernaum. The principle building, of which remains exist, was constructed of white limestone, but the ruins around it are of black basalt.

The ruins of Tell Hûm. By several authorities the place is regarded a...

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Cæsarea Philippi. - Engraving, Public domain image

Cæsarea Philippi. - Engraving, Public domain image

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Sculptured niches dedicated to Pan, at Cæsarea Philippi, in the face of the cliff, south of the cavern from which the Jordan springs. A peasant with his double-reed Pandean pipes and his flock of long-eared sheep appropriately occupies the foreground.

Sculptured niches dedicated to Pan, at Cæsarea Philippi, in the face o...

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A narrow by-way in Damascus.  The upper stories and projecting windows are constructed of poplar stems, filled in with sun-dried bricks, placed diagonally and plastered over with clay

A narrow by-way in Damascus. The upper stories and projecting windows...

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Waterfall of the Upper Barada, near Zebedâny.  Here the stream is augmented by the outfall of Wâdy el Kûrn

Waterfall of the Upper Barada, near Zebedâny. Here the stream is augm...

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South wing of the portico of the Great Temple, Ba'albek.  The floor of the portico is twenty feet above the level of the adjoining ground, and it is probable that it was approached from the east by a broad flight of steps

South wing of the portico of the Great Temple, Ba'albek. The floor of...

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Jezîrat Far'on, the Isle of Pharaoh.  At the head of the Gulf of 'Akabah, as seen from the western shore.  The castle which crowns it was built by the Crusaders; the mosque and other Saracenic structures are attributed to Saladin.

Jezîrat Far'on, the Isle of Pharaoh. At the head of the Gulf of 'Akab...

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Sand-storm in the desert. The dreaded khamseen (wind and sand storm) very frequently overtakes the traveller in the region between 'Ayún Músa and Wâdy Amârah.  Dean Stanley, Neibhur, Miss Martineau all encountered it here.

Sand-storm in the desert. The dreaded khamseen (wind and sand storm) v...

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'El Maharrad,' Pharan (Feirân). These ruins are all that remain of the great church and old monastic establishment of Pharan. The Bedawin grow small patches of maize, bearded wheat, and tobacco about here.

'El Maharrad,' Pharan (Feirân). These ruins are all that remain of the...

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The road up Nagb Buderah. By this pass travellers usually approach Mukatteb from Egypt.

The road up Nagb Buderah. By this pass travellers usually approach Muk...

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Near the mouth of the Wâdy Taibeiyeh, looking north west.

Near the mouth of the Wâdy Taibeiyeh, looking north west.

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El Buwieb, the "gate" of Feirân.  A narrow passage between the rocks, about one hundred feet by twenty long.

El Buwieb, the "gate" of Feirân. A narrow passage between the rocks, ...

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View of the Nile from the tombs of Beny Hasan. These grottos, the interior of one of which is also shown, were excavated by a single family of the time of the Twelfth Dynasty.

View of the Nile from the tombs of Beny Hasan. These grottos, the inte...

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One of the 'Tombs of the Memlûks.' On Mount Mukattam. In the foreground is the musattah, or camel-litter, ordinarily used by pilgrims.

One of the 'Tombs of the Memlûks.' On Mount Mukattam. In the foregroun...

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The "Virgin's tree."  At the time of the inauguration of the Suez Canal this tree was presented to the Empress Eugénie by the Khedive.  The garden in which it stands is watered by means of a double sakîyeh supplied from a reservoir fed by springs.

The "Virgin's tree." At the time of the inauguration of the Suez Cana...

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Near the mouth of Wâdy Sh'reich. The scene of the worship of the golden calf was placed by early tradition at the mouth of this valley.

Near the mouth of Wâdy Sh'reich. The scene of the worship of the golde...

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Nubian water-wheel.  In Nubia these sâkiyehs take the place of shadûfs of Upper Egypt, and though they are costly to erect they effect a considerable saving of labor.

Nubian water-wheel. In Nubia these sâkiyehs take the place of shadûfs...

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A Bedouin of the Haurân. Bedouins (more correctly Bedawîn) occupy the north-west district of the Haurân; the plain is inhabited by peasants, and the Druses for many centuries have colonised the mountain range

A Bedouin of the Haurân. Bedouins (more correctly Bedawîn) occupy the ...

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Entrance to the ruins of Ba'albek.  At the south-west corner, through a long vaulted passage like a railway tunnel under the great platform. Two of these great vaults run parallel with each other, from east to west, and are connected by a third running at right angles to them from north and south.

Entrance to the ruins of Ba'albek. At the south-west corner, through ...

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The fountain of Akfa (Apheca). Source of the Adonis riverr (Nafr Ibrahim). Close to this spot are the remains of a famous temple of Venus, which was destroyed by the order of Constantine.

The fountain of Akfa (Apheca). Source of the Adonis riverr (Nafr Ibrah...

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The gorge of the Kadîsha -- Lebanon

The gorge of the Kadîsha -- Lebanon

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The Southern end of the Dead Sea from Engedi.  Showing the peninsula called El Lisân (the tongue) which may easily be mistaken for an island.

The Southern end of the Dead Sea from Engedi. Showing the peninsula c...

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Herodium, or Frank Mountain, from Bethlehem

Herodium, or Frank Mountain, from Bethlehem

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View from the Frank Mountain.  Looking towards the Dead Sea and the Mountains of Moab

View from the Frank Mountain. Looking towards the Dead Sea and the Mo...

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The Milk Grotto, Bethlehem - Engraving, Public domain image

The Milk Grotto, Bethlehem - Engraving, Public domain image

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Hermits' caves in the cliffs of the Kedron.

Hermits' caves in the cliffs of the Kedron.

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Entrance to the cave of St. Saba

Entrance to the cave of St. Saba

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Ruins in the gorge of the Wady Kelt, the Valley of Achor

Ruins in the gorge of the Wady Kelt, the Valley of Achor

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The castle of Zerîn (Jezreel), now used as a manzal or inn, literally "a place for unloading," open to all wayfarers

The castle of Zerîn (Jezreel), now used as a manzal or inn, literally ...

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The Horns of Hattîn (Kûrûn Hattîn).  The summit of the eastern horn is a little circular plain; and the top of the lower ridge between the two horns is also level

The Horns of Hattîn (Kûrûn Hattîn). The summit of the eastern horn is...

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An Arab shrine, south-west of Ba'albek.  Called Kubbet Dûris, after the neighbouring village of Dûris; it is a modern structure formed of eight ancient granite columns clumsily set up and surmounted by a heavy architrave. An enormous sarcophagus, standing on end, serves as the mihrab, or Muslim prayer niche.

An Arab shrine, south-west of Ba'albek. Called Kubbet Dûris, after th...

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Contents, Egypt - Public domain dedication image

Contents, Egypt - Public domain dedication image

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Beirût, from Jaita. A beautifully situated village north of the Dog River (Nahr el Kelb), on the heights above the gorge.  In the distance, beyond St. George's Bay, the sandy promontory of Beirût appears.

Beirût, from Jaita. A beautifully situated village north of the Dog Ri...

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Pigeon rocks, Beirût. In the cliff from which these island rocks have broken away, there is an enormous cavern which can be entered by small boats.

Pigeon rocks, Beirût. In the cliff from which these island rocks have ...

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Reservoirs of Râs el 'Ain and part of the Roman aqueduct. Close to this spot stood Palaeotyrus of which no vestige now remains, the materials have been carried away by Alexander (332 B.C.) to construct the more or causeway which unites insular Tyre to the mainland.

Reservoirs of Râs el 'Ain and part of the Roman aqueduct. Close to thi...

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The cliffs of Engedi.  They form an very difficult pass, and the zigzag paths are not kept in repair.  The surface of the limestone rock is of marble-like smoothness, and a pale reddish tint is the prevailing color.

The cliffs of Engedi. They form an very difficult pass, and the zigza...

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The mountains of Moab from Engedi.  At this point the Dead Sea is about nine miles in width. There is a continuous beach of varying breadth along the shore.

The mountains of Moab from Engedi. At this point the Dead Sea is abou...

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The Dier, Petra. An isolated building on a lofty eminence north-west of the valley of Petra.  It faces Mount Hor.

The Dier, Petra. An isolated building on a lofty eminence north-west o...

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Rock foms in Wâdy Hamr. This valley leads up to Jebel et Tih.

Rock foms in Wâdy Hamr. This valley leads up to Jebel et Tih.

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View from the north-eastern galleries. Showing the lofty chamber of the south corner, A monk at a lower window is striking a piece of suspended iron with a hammer, to call the fraternity to prayers in one of the numerous chapels.

View from the north-eastern galleries. Showing the lofty chamber of th...

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The plain of El Markhâ. This weary plain of flinty barenness slopes gently to the sea, the glare from which and from the limestone cliff is almost overpowering.

The plain of El Markhâ. This weary plain of flinty barenness slopes ge...

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Temple of Edfû.  The towers of the great pylon are one hundred and twenty feet high, and in almost perfect preservation.  The columns of the hypostyle hall are seen over the wall of the enclosure, which springs from the pylon and runs around the whole building.

Temple of Edfû. The towers of the great pylon are one hundred and twe...

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The smaller obelisk of Karnak.  Belonging to the pylon of Thomthmes I.  The fragments of a fellow obelisk strew the ground.  Behind is seen the central avenue of the Hall of Columns, and the clerestory windows are shown at the left-hand side.

The smaller obelisk of Karnak. Belonging to the pylon of Thomthmes I....

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Wâdy T'lâh, Mount Sinai. This wâdy runs parallel with the plain Er Râhah. but flows in a contrary direction.  It is marvellously beautiful and picturesque.

Wâdy T'lâh, Mount Sinai. This wâdy runs parallel with the plain Er Râh...

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Alluvial desposits, Wâdy Feirân.  These strange deposits serve as a "meter" to measure the height to which the Feirân streams may once have reached.  At Philae, &c., in the valley of the Nile, the same deposits may be observed.

Alluvial desposits, Wâdy Feirân. These strange deposits serve as a "m...

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The Pyramid of Steps at Sakkârah.  Constructed of an inferior clayey kind of limestone quarried in the neighborhood.  Possibly the oldest monument in Egypt.

The Pyramid of Steps at Sakkârah. Constructed of an inferior clayey k...

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The gate of victory. (Bâb-en-Nasr).  The easternmost of the northern gates of Cairo. It was built in the reign of the Fâtimy khalif El-Mustansir, A.H. 480 (A.D. 1087).

The gate of victory. (Bâb-en-Nasr). The easternmost of the northern g...

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Bedawín encampment, Wâdy Sebíyeh, Sinai. This valley has been  mentioned as a likely camping ground for the Israelites, because of the view afforded of the summit of Jebel Músa.  There is no open space, however, for a great multitude.

Bedawín encampment, Wâdy Sebíyeh, Sinai. This valley has been mention...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description The Israelites' escape from Egypt is a central event in the history of the Jewish people, as described in ... More

General view of Philae, taken from Bibbeh.  In the great temple in the centre of the view the sacred college still celebrated the mysteries of Isis and Osiris so late as A.D. 443, and thus for sixty-four years resisted the forcible conversion of Egypt to Christianity which followed the edict of Theodosius.

General view of Philae, taken from Bibbeh. In the great temple in the...

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The Sea of Galilee from 'Ain et Tîn, the fountain of the fig-tree, near Khân Minyeh, the supposed site of Capernaum.

The Sea of Galilee from 'Ain et Tîn, the fountain of the fig-tree, nea...

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The tomb of Saladin, Damascus.  This mausoleum, which is just outside the north-west corner of the Great Mosque, is jealously guarded, and it is difficult to gain access to it. The south-western minaret of the Great Mosque can be seen through the archway.

The tomb of Saladin, Damascus. This mausoleum, which is just outside ...

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The tomb of Noah, at a place called Kerak Nûh. The so-called tomb is probably a portion of an ancient aqueduct.

The tomb of Noah, at a place called Kerak Nûh. The so-called tomb is p...

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Cliffs of Akura, in the Mogherîye valley, Lebanon. Every available space in the valley is cultivated. On the ledges of the cliffs fruit-trees flourish and wheat is grown.

Cliffs of Akura, in the Mogherîye valley, Lebanon. Every available spa...

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The valley of the Leontes, near the coast. The river, the Nahr el Kâsîmiyeh, is of considerable depth at this point, and flows hence to the sea in a very serpentine course.

The valley of the Leontes, near the coast. The river, the Nahr el Kâsî...

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Ruins of the cathedral church at Tyre. Eusebius describes this building as the most splendid of all the temples of Phoenicia. Among the ruins there is a double column of red  syenite granite, now prostrate, consisting of two parallel connected shafts of great size.

Ruins of the cathedral church at Tyre. Eusebius describes this buildin...

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General view of 'Akka from the North- East, Carmel in the distance.  More than half the space within the walls is occupied by government buildings and barracks.  On the right is the great mosque of Jezzar Pasha, with its curiously butressed dome. It stands in a square court surrounded by domed chambers for the use of the mosque attendents and pilgrims. A steamer is approaching the town of Haifa, at the foot of Mount Carmel.

General view of 'Akka from the North- East, Carmel in the distance. M...

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Caesarea., Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

Caesarea., Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

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The fallen colossus of Rameses.

The fallen colossus of Rameses.

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Jebá, the ancient Geba of Benjamin.  The shrine of Jebá is called Neby Yakub (Prophet Jacob)

Jebá, the ancient Geba of Benjamin. The shrine of Jebá is called Neby...

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Site of Ai. Its only name now is Et Tell, "the heap"

Site of Ai. Its only name now is Et Tell, "the heap"

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'Ain Hanîyeh, in the Valley of Roses, commonly called Philip's Fountain, and regarded as a sacred place by the Latins

'Ain Hanîyeh, in the Valley of Roses, commonly called Philip's Fountai...

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Joseph's tomb, from the north, showing the ruined kubbeh which adjoins it. The cenotaph and one of the pillars appear within the doorway

Joseph's tomb, from the north, showing the ruined kubbeh which adjoins...

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Nablus, the ancient Shechem. - Engraving, Public domain image

Nablus, the ancient Shechem. - Engraving, Public domain image

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Ancient copy of the Samaritan Pentateuch.  In a silver-gilt case; it is protected by a red satin cover embroidered with inscriptions in gold thread

Ancient copy of the Samaritan Pentateuch. In a silver-gilt case; it i...

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Tiberias., Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

Tiberias., Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

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The Jordan at Bâniâs (Cæsarea Philippi).  Bâniâs is merely the Arabic pronunciation of the ancient Panias of the Greeks and Romans. In the foreground is a peasant carrying a plough.

The Jordan at Bâniâs (Cæsarea Philippi). Bâniâs is merely the Arabic ...

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The cliffs of Sûk Wâdy, Barada.  A modern bridge of a single arch spans the river, and the road crosses from the right to the left bank. This is the narrowest part of the gorge, and the cliffs that shut it in are not more than a hundred feet apart.

The cliffs of Sûk Wâdy, Barada. A modern bridge of a single arch span...

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The south-east corner of the Temple of the Sun, Ba'albek.  At the east end of this temple there was a vestibule with a row of fluted columns within the outer line of plain columns; only two of these are now standing

The south-east corner of the Temple of the Sun, Ba'albek. At the east...

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The castle of the Museilihah ("The palace of weapons"). It stands on a precipitous rock by the Nahr el Jozeh, in the middle of a wooded valley, and commands the pass. It was until recently occupied by a band of brigands, the terror of travellers.

The castle of the Museilihah ("The palace of weapons"). It stands on a...

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The Valley of Beit Jibrîn. With a distant view of the sea and sandy coast hills.  On the hillside on the left the entrance to one of the great caverns with which this district abounds is shown.  In the foreground a shepherd is sleeping; near to him are his dog and gun and double-reed pipe.

The Valley of Beit Jibrîn. With a distant view of the sea and sandy co...

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Valley of Berachah.  Jehosaphat's 'valley of blessing.' A wide open vale between Tekoa and the road from Hebron to Bethlehem. In the foreground there is a lime-kiln, and on the distant hill a ruined site, two thousand eight hundred and fifeen feet above the sea, called Khurbet Bereikuh.

Valley of Berachah. Jehosaphat's 'valley of blessing.' A wide open va...

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Tarfah or tamarisk grove, Wâdy es Sheikh. This fine grove is called Tarfat el Gidarin.  The wâdy itself cuts through the granite wall which fences in Sinai.

Tarfah or tamarisk grove, Wâdy es Sheikh. This fine grove is called Ta...

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Tomb- mosque of El- Ashraf Barsabay.  In the Eastern Cemetary, or so-called "Tomb of the Khalifs."  It is constructed of alternate courses of pale red and yellowish white limestone.  Barsabay died A.D. 1438

Tomb- mosque of El- Ashraf Barsabay. In the Eastern Cemetary, or so-c...

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Philae., Egypt - Egypt, Dorot Jewish Books Division

Philae., Egypt - Egypt, Dorot Jewish Books Division

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Village barbers. The two singular structures on the left are pigeon-houses. The domes are formed of earthen pots of oval form ; each pair of pigeons occupies a separate pot.  These birds are kept solely for the sake of the manure they yield.

Village barbers. The two singular structures on the left are pigeon-ho...

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In a Cairo garden.  Where the date-palm, the Cactus optunia, almond-trees, acacias, and sycamores, the common trees of the country, flourish.  During the reign of the Khedive Isma'îl about two hundred different kinds of trees, chiefly of East Indian origin, were planted in great numbers in the new parks and gardens of Cairo.

In a Cairo garden. Where the date-palm, the Cactus optunia, almond-tr...

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The citadel, Damascus.  A large oblong structure surrounded by a moat. There are twelve projecting towers, two of which are shown above. In the foreground there is a café, in the upper balcony of which a turbaned player holds up a winning card exultingly.

The citadel, Damascus. A large oblong structure surrounded by a moat....

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A water-wheel (sâkiyeh) on the canal.  When the creaking wooden wheels are in motion the earthenware jars, strung to ropes made of palm fibre, revolve, alternately dripping into the water and emptying themselves into a trough connected with a reservoir.

A water-wheel (sâkiyeh) on the canal. When the creaking wooden wheels...

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A Ptolemaic temple, dedicated to the goddess Hathor, the Egyptian Aphrodite, and famous for its portaits of Cleopatra.

A Ptolemaic temple, dedicated to the goddess Hathor, the Egyptian Aphr...

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Bethany, Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

Bethany, Egypt - Engraving, Public domain image

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Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem

Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem

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Valley of Urtas - Engraving, Public domain image

Valley of Urtas - Engraving, Public domain image

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Convent of Mar Saba, from Brook Kedron, five hundred and ninety feet above the bottom of the ravine below

Convent of Mar Saba, from Brook Kedron, five hundred and ninety feet a...

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Bit on the plains of Jericho - Egypt

Bit on the plains of Jericho - Egypt

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Beit-'ur-el-Foka, on the site of upper Beth-Horon.  In the distance the sandy line of coast and the Mediterranean Sea

Beit-'ur-el-Foka, on the site of upper Beth-Horon. In the distance th...

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Remains of a church at Beitîn, said to have been erected as a memorial of Jacob's dream at Bethel

Remains of a church at Beitîn, said to have been erected as a memorial...

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A halt for the night in the khan of el Bîreh, the ancient Beeroth.  The village owes its ancient and modern names, which signify "cistern," to the abundant supply of water in its neighbourhood. The khan is near to the chief spring.

A halt for the night in the khan of el Bîreh, the ancient Beeroth. Th...

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Ruins of crusaders' church at El Bîreh, the ancient Beeroth.  Nothing is left of this building but its three apses, the north wall, and a fragment of the south wall. The space within is now converted into a corn-field

Ruins of crusaders' church at El Bîreh, the ancient Beeroth. Nothing ...

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Moslem sanctuary at the entrance to the Valley of Shechem.  The wild flowers represented are a peculiar kind of scabious, the Scabiosa prolifera, and a fine salvia, the Eremostachys lacinata

Moslem sanctuary at the entrance to the Valley of Shechem. The wild f...

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Kefr Kenna, the traditional Cana of Galilee.  Pleasantly situated on an eminence on the south side of the fertile plain of Bûttauf. It contains about six hundred inhabitants, half of whom are Moslems and half Greek Christians.

Kefr Kenna, the traditional Cana of Galilee. Pleasantly situated on a...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

The most easterly source of the Jordan, Bâniâs (Cæsarea Philippi).  This place has justly been called a Syrian Tivoli. The cliff is of ruddy limestone mingled with basalt. On a platform of the rock stands the wely of Sheikh Khidr (Saint George)

The most easterly source of the Jordan, Bâniâs (Cæsarea Philippi). Th...

Picryl description: Public domain photo of Christian religious art print, free to use, no copyright restrictions image.

The Mosque of Sabunîyeh, Damascus, built of course of black basalt and white limestone

The Mosque of Sabunîyeh, Damascus, built of course of black basalt and...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

Wayside tombs in Wâdy Barada.  Where walnut and fig trees yield abundantly, and the oleander flourishes. Rows of poplar trees peering out of the gorge mark its course.

Wayside tombs in Wâdy Barada. Where walnut and fig trees yield abunda...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

Under the peristyle, Temple of the Sun, Ba'albek, on the west side, looking towards Lebanon.

Under the peristyle, Temple of the Sun, Ba'albek, on the west side, lo...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

Hasrûn, a Maronite village of North Lebanon, on the summit of a precipice on the south side of the gorge of the Kashîda (the sacred river).

Hasrûn, a Maronite village of North Lebanon, on the summit of a precip...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

The Nahr el Kelb (Dog River), and ancient bridge connected with the rock-cut coast. In the summer, the river is fordable here.

The Nahr el Kelb (Dog River), and ancient bridge connected with the ro...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

Sidon, Egypt - Egypt, Dorot Jewish Books Division

Sidon, Egypt - Egypt, Dorot Jewish Books Division

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

The traditional tomb of Joshua, in the rock cemetary at Tibneh.  In the niches of its walls pilgrims placed lighted lamps, and in their great number indicates that it was a highly revered shrine.

The traditional tomb of Joshua, in the rock cemetary at Tibneh. In th...

Public domain image of Egyptian art, free to use, no copyright restrictions photo - Picryl description

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