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Two?]more varieties of wild marjoram [Origanum vulgare] [right] ; Wild dittany (Origanum dictamus), fawtanaj jabalî called fânâqis [n.p.] [right]; Penny royal (Mentha pulegium var. erecta), mislabeled al-fawtanaj [left], fol. 132

Third variety of Bog Rush [top right]; Lichen species, lakk. Shown collected together in a ball [top left]; Paronychia (Illecebrum species), fârnûhiyyâ [bottom], fol. 194v

The third variety of nightshade] [right]; Unknown plant labeled a fourth variety of nightshade [left], fol. 202

Spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes), trîkûmânihs [top]; Sea Burrweed, Xanthium (Xanthium strumarium), ksânthiyyûn [bottom right]; Unknown plant, labeled another variety of same [bottom left], fol. 223v

Labeled a fourth variety of al-thayyal [right]; Unlabeled plant, not grass, possibly Yarrow (Achillea sp.), fol. 187v

Axe weed (Securigera coronilla), îdûsârûn [!]. Two varieties are shown , fol. 167

Sting ray (Dasyatis pastinaca), trûghûn [n.p.] The two specimens shown look like angels [top]; Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis), sifiyâ [n.p.]. Three varieties are shown [middle left]; Mullet (Mullus barbatus), trîghlâ [n.p.] [middle right and bottom], fol. 74

Alkanet, Undulate Alkanet (Anchusa hybrida), bûghlûsûn []. Three varieties are shown: (III) with three stalks [top]; Unknown plant, labeled ûfûghulûssûn [!n.p.] [bottom], fol. 221

Canary grass (Phalaris canariensis), fâlîdis [!n.p.][right]; Dyer's madder (Rubia tinctorum), hirûthrûdânûn [n.p.], fol. 171v

Wild Reed (Calamagrostis lanceolata), qâlâmârûsatîs [!], labeled a second variety of al-thayyal [right]; Grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris), labeled a third variety of al-thayyal [left], fol. 187

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medicine arab medicinal plants botany medical medicine greek and roman manuscripts illustrations botanical illustrations spencer collection fi hayula al tibb arabic al thayyal second variety third variety calamagrostis lanceolata parnassia palustris ḥunayn ibn isḥaq al ibadi 809 873 translator mihran ibn mansur ibn mihran fl 12 th cent translator mirza baqir fl 19th c calligrapher mirza baqir fl 19th c artist dioscorides pedanius of anazarbos author naṣir al din shah shah of iran 1831 1896 patron ultra high resolution high resolution persian iran new york public library
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1889 - 1890
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New York Public Library
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https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/
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Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication ("CCO 1.0 Dedication")

label_outline Explore Ḥunayn Ibn Isḥaq Al Ibadi 809 873 Translator, Medicine Arab, Medicine Greek And Roman

Cockroaches (Blatta orientalis), sarâsir [top]; Mountain goat (Capra aegagrus), al-mâ'iz al-ahlî, and domestic goat (Capra hircus), al-mâ'iz al-ahlî ; Ram (Ovis orientalis..), kabsh da'n, and lamb, hamal ; Bear (Ursus thibetamus), al-dubb [b], fol. 77

French or Garden Mercury (Mercurialis annua), lînûzûstîs, fol. 246

Solomon's Seal (Polygonatum officinale), fûlûjûnâtûn [top]; Dodder (Cuscuta epithymum), qlîmâtîs [bottom], fol. 179v

Water mint (Mentha aquatica), îdhuwâwusmûn. Three varieties are shown [center]; Spearmint (Mentha spicata), qâlâminthî [bottom], fol. 133v

Goat-scented or Hairy St. John's Wort (Hypericum hircinum; Tragium columnae), trâghîyyûn [!]. Two varieties are shown [top]; An unidentifiable plant, tarâghûs, labeled a variety of halfâ (water plant or reed) [bottom], fol. 193v

Hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium), isfûndûliyûn [n.p.] [top]; Unknown plant, al-shill [center], fol. 148v

Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo), qûmârûs [n.p.], i.e., qâtil abîh [top]; Bitter almond tree (Prunus amygdalus var. amara), lawr [!] murr [bottom], fol. 65v

Wild Basil (Clinopodium vulgare), ufîmâyidûs [!] [top]; Bermuda grass (grows worldwide) (Cynodon dactylon), âdhrûstîs [!] [bottom], fol. 186v

Anise (Pimpinella anisum), anîsûn [top]; Caraway (Carum carvi), qâr [middle]; Dill (Anethum graveolens), shabat [!] [bottom], fol. 142

Sardine (Genus Smaris), smârîs [top]; Sea gudgeon (Gobius niger jozo), qûbiyyûn [n.p.]al-tarî [up. middle]; A sea gudgeon shown in the maw of a pig.. [middle]; Tuna (Thunnus species), amûtârîkhûs [n.p.][ lower middle and bottom], fol. 76

Sesame (Sesamum indicum), simsim [top]; Darnel or teres (Lolium temulentum), shaylam [bottom], fol. 94v

Royal" oak (quercus species), tirâsh, i.e., shâhballût, fol. 58

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medicine arab medicinal plants botany medical medicine greek and roman manuscripts illustrations botanical illustrations spencer collection fi hayula al tibb arabic al thayyal second variety third variety calamagrostis lanceolata parnassia palustris ḥunayn ibn isḥaq al ibadi 809 873 translator mihran ibn mansur ibn mihran fl 12 th cent translator mirza baqir fl 19th c calligrapher mirza baqir fl 19th c artist dioscorides pedanius of anazarbos author naṣir al din shah shah of iran 1831 1896 patron ultra high resolution high resolution persian iran new york public library